Emotional Influences: the affect of anger on decision-making (Wired)
The heat of the moment is a powerful, dangerous thing. We all know this. If we’re happy we may be overly generous. Maybe we leave a big tip, or buy a boat. If we’re irritated, we may snap. Maybe we rifle off that nasty email to the boss or punch someone. And for a fleeting second, we feel great. But the regret — and the consequences — may last years or even a lifetime. At least the regret will serve us well, right? Lesson learned? Maybe. Maybe not.
My friend Eduardo Andrade and I wondered if emotions could influence how people make decisions even after the heat or anxiety or exhilaration wears off. We suspected they could. As research going back to Festinger’s cognitive dissonance theory suggests, the problem with emotional decisions is that our actions loom larger than the conditions under which the decisions were made.
When we confront a situation, our mind looks for a precedent among past actions without regard to whether a decision was made in emotional or unemotional circumstances. Which means we end up repeating our mistakes, even after we’ve cooled off. I said that Eduardo and I wondered if past emotions influence future actions but, really, we worried about it. If we were right, and recklessly poor emotional decisions guide later “rational” moments, well then we’re not terribly sophisticated decision-makers, are we?
イライラ映像(海辺の家で主人公が解雇を告げられるシーケンス)を5分間見せられた群の参加者は、そうでない方の群(見せられた映像はフレンズの一場面)より最後通牒ゲームにおいて厳しい判断を下す。この傾向はかなり時間が経ってからも残る。論文はThe enduring impact of transient emotions on decision making。
